The Ten Blessed Companions (Ashara Mubashara)
Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali
Four Rightly Guided Caliphs
Talha (RA)
- He was one of the first converts to Islam.
- Accepted Islam at the hands of Abu Bakr
- Prophet sent him to check the whereabouts of Makkan caravan at Badr
- Hence he could not participate in the battle itself
- He was included among the closest Companions of the Prophet.
- He was nominated one of the Ten Blessed Companions.
- Known as living martyr
- Member of the Islamic council during 1st and 2nd caliphates
- Amongst the 6 chosen by Hazrat Umar as his successor to caliphate
- He refused to accept 'Ali's delay to punish 'Uthman's assassins.
- He and Zubayr raised forces to press their complaints.
- He was killed in the battle of the Camel.
Zubayr (RA)
- Cousin of the Prophet
- Nephew of Hazrat Khadija
- Early convert
- His uncle would wrap him in a mattress and set it on fire
- He did not renounce his faith saying that he must die as a believer
- Migrated to Abyssinia
- Fought at the Battle of Badr and Uhud
- Amongst the leader of Muslim force on their entry to Makkah
- Married to Abu Bakr’s daughter
- Amongst the 6 chosen by Hazrat Umar as his successor to caliphate
- Fought the battle of Camel against Hazrat Ali and died in 35 AH
Abu Ubaydah bin Al Jarrah
- Early convert
- Accepted Islam at the hands of Hazrat Abu Bakr
- Suffered persecution
- Migrated to Abyssinia
- Killed his own father army at the Battle of Badr
- Used his teeth to extract the metal links of the helmet straps from Prophet’s cheek at Uhud
- Was declared judge by the Prophet for a Najran delegation
- Leader of one of the squadrons of conquest of Makkah
- Led expeditions to Dhul-al-qassa and al-khabbat
- Went on expedition to Syria.
- Nominee for 1st caliphate.
- Conquered Damascus.
- Known as Ameen-ul-Ummat.
Saad bin Abi Waqas
- Maternal uncle of the Prophet
- Early convert
- Accepted Islam on the invitation of Hazrat Abu Bakr
- First one to have shed blood for Islam
- Participated at Badr
- Prophet handed him arrows to shoot at Uhud
- Present at the treaty of Hudaibiya
- Took part in conquest of Makkah
- Leader of Battle of Qadisiya during 2nd caliphate
- Governor of Kufa during 3rd caliphate
- Was offered the 4th caliphate but he refused
- Did not pay homage to Hazrat Ali
Abdur Rahman Bin Auf:
- Early convert
- Accepted Islam on Hazrat Abu Bakr’s invitation
- Suffered persecution
- Kalab was his’ and Prophet’s common ancestor
- Migrated to Abyssinia
- Paired with Ansar Saad Bin Al-Rabi
- Started selling cheese and butter to earn a living.
- Soon established as a wealthy merchant who sent out trading caravans
- Shared his camel with Hazrat Abu Bakr and Hazrat Umar at the Battle of Badr
- Got 21 wounds at Uhud
- Gave shoulder to the Prophet on his son, Ibrahim’s death
- Leader of raid at Dumat-al-Jandal
- Prophet said a prayer behind him at a voyage
- Appointed Ameer-e-Hajj during Hazrat Abu Bakr’s caliphate
Sa'id bin Zayd
- His father had given up idol worship
- He was an early convert
- His wife was Hazrat Umar’s sister
- He could read and write
- Was sent to check the Makkan caravan at Badr
- Commander of army that conquered Syria in the 2nd caliphate
- Conquered Damascus
- Made governor of Damascus but resigned due to love for Jihad/
Zayd ibn Thabit
Zayd ibn Thabit and the Glorious Quran
Compilation of Qur'an
How did Zayd ibn Thabit compile the Qur'an?
- Everyone who knew a portion of the Qur’an came and reported it to be written by the committee. However, the report was not accepted unless it was heard by the reporting companion directly from the mouth of the Prophet himself, and the text was checked with the Prophet in his last year of life
- The verses and chapters of the text were written in the order assigned to them by the Prophet.
- In order to ensure authenticity, no text was accepted unless the person who reported it to the committee brought two witnesses who saw him hear the verses directly from the blessed Prophet’s mouth.
What was Zayd ibn Thabit's contribution in compiling the revelation?
- He was one of the chief Scribes.