Ijma'

Qiyaas

<aside> 💡 The secondary sources do not contradict the primary sources but rather use the primary sources as a basis for their answers.

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Why do you think the Qur’an and Sunna are not the only sources of Law and are supplemented by ‘ijma and qiyas?

• That all eventualities could not have been put in the Qur’an and Hadith.
• The Prophet’s life was an example of the Qur’an, and the way that Islam should be lived, and so was limited to the norms and culture of that time.
• Now there are advancements in ideas and technology that need clarification, so ‘ijma and qiyas are required for these new issues, but they have to be based on original rulings, and therefore on the Qur’an and sunna.
• Better answers will give examples of issues that are not covered solely by the Qur’an and Sunna and require the use of ‘ijma or qiyas.

Why do you think the Prophet (pbuh) encouraged the exercise of personal reasoning amongst his Companions?

• Candidates need to give an evaluative response here saying why the Prophet (pbuh) encouraged the use of personal reasoning amongst his Companions.
• It could be said that he was aware that issues or problems could confront his community where they may not be a clear-cut answer in the primary sources but he believed if the principles laid out in them were followed a correct decision could be reached.
• Some candidates may give the example of his conversation with Mu’adh ibn Jabal in this part of the answer and it can be given as development of the answer.